A polyacetylenes and application thereof. The polyacetylenes is isolated from an extract of the sporophores of Antrodia cinnamomea and has a function of inhibiting the production of nitric oxide. Therefore, the polyacetylenes can be used for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for anti-inflammation. The present invention also teaches the representative metabolites of the sporophores of Antrodia cinnamomea, which can be used to evaluate the quality thereof.